White paper 10 · Annex C
Sources
Every source cited in the paper with an [S-id] marker is listed below with its title, publisher, date and address. Press articles are cited for the facts they report, which are attributed in the text. Priced standards are listed with the publisher’s catalogue address; the current edition governs. Web pages were accessed between 1 and 10 October 2026. Identifiers S27, S64, S68 to S70 and S83 are not used in this edition. In line with the series’ disclosure rules, no producer is named in connection with a sanction; where a source names one, the name is omitted from its title (marked […]) and its web address is not reproduced; the article can be found by title and date.
Table C.1 Sources cited
| Id | Title | Publisher or author | Date | Address |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| S01 | Kribi: le Premier ministre, chef du gouvernement est là | Cameroon Tribune | 30 Dec 2024 | cameroon-tribune.cm/article.html/68499/fr.html/details_2 |
| S02 | Cameroun: complexe moderne de sidérurgie de Kribi, le PM Joseph Dion Ngute effectue la pose de la première pierre | Camer.be | 5 Jan 2025 | www.camer.be/87795/12:1/cameroun-complexe-moderne-de-siderurgie-de-kribi-le-pm-joseph-dion-ngute-effectue-la-pose-de-la-premiere-pi-cameroon.html |
| S03 | Industrialisation: la voie royale de l’émergence | Cameroon Tribune | 2 Jan 2025 | cameroon-tribune.cm/article.html/68558/fr.html/details_2 |
| S04 | Cameroun: pour non-respect des normes, le fer à béton de la société […] retiré du marché (name of the producer omitted here) | EcoMatin | 21 Oct 2024 | ecomatin.net, article of 21 Oct 2024 (address not reproduced: it contains the producer’s name) |
| S05 | Cameroon revokes […] compliance certificate for rebar, orders recall of products (name of the producer omitted here) | Business in Cameroon | 17 Oct 2024 | businessincameroon.com, Public management section, 17 Oct 2024 (address not reproduced: it contains the producer’s name) |
| S06 | Cameroun: le gouvernement rejette une demande de révision de la norme du fer à béton | EcoMatin | 5 Feb 2026 | ecomatin.net/cameroun-le-gouvernement-rejette-une-demande-de-revision-de-la-norme-du-fer-a-beton |
| S07 | Cameroon rejects fresh push to revise rebar standard | Business in Cameroon | 26 Jan 2026 | www.businessincameroon.com/construction/2601-15657-cameroon-rejects-fresh-push-to-revise-rebar-standard |
| S08 | Fer à béton: le gouvernement ferme la porte à toute révision de la norme et recadre la filière sidérurgique | Cameroun24 | Jan 2026 | cameroun24.net/article/72504-fer-a-beton-le-gouvernement-ferme-la-porte-a-toute-revision-de-la-norme-et-recadre-la-filiere-siderurgique.html |
| S09 | Métallurgie: les industriels du secteur dénoncent la présence du fer à béton contrefait sur le marché camerounais | EcoMatin | 22 Jun 2023 | ecomatin.net/metallurgie-les-industriels-du-secteur-denoncent-la-presence-du-fer-a-beton-contrefait-sur-le-marche-camerounais |
| S10 | Interdiction des importations du fer à béton: les consommateurs dénoncent la mauvaise qualité de la production locale | EcoMatin | 13 Apr 2023 | ecomatin.net/interdiction-des-importations-du-fer-a-beton-les-consommateurs-denoncent-la-mauvaise-qualite-de-la-production-locale |
| S11 | Fer à béton: les producteurs acceptent une baisse des prix | EcoMatin | 23 Oct 2023 | ecomatin.net/fer-a-beton-les-producteurs-acceptent-une-baisse-des-prix |
| S12 | Métallurgie: les importations du fer à béton interdites jusqu’à nouvel ordre | EcoMatin | 10 Apr 2023 | ecomatin.net/metallurgie-les-importations-du-fer-a-beton-interdites-jusqua-nouvel-ordre |
| S13 | Press report of the sealing by customs of more than 7,300 t of imported reinforcing bar, December 2020 (headline and address not reproduced: they name the importer) | Business in Cameroon | 16 Dec 2020 | businessincameroon.com |
| S14 | Normes sur les produits de grande consommation: quel impact sur la qualité | Cameroon Tribune | 10 Oct 2024 | cameroon-tribune.cm/article.html/67368/fr.html/details_2 |
| S15 | Informations sur le PECAE (cadre légal, procédure, routes, frais, partenaires, questions fréquentes) | Agence des Normes et de la Qualité (ANOR) | accessed 10 Oct 2026 | www.anor.cm/projet-pecae/informations |
| S16 | Nos missions | ANOR | accessed 10 Oct 2026 | www.anor.cm/articles/nos-missions |
| S17 | Communiqué portant modification de la procédure d’initiation du PECAE | ANOR | 6 Oct 2026 | www.anor.cm/articles/communique-portant-modification-de-la-procedure-dinitiation-du-programme-devaluation-de-la-conformite-avant-embarquement-des-marchandises-importees-en-republique-du-cameroun-pecae |
| S18 | L’ANOR et les laboratoires camerounais renforcent leur collaboration: une plateforme d’échanges et de conformité voit le jour | ANOR | 17 Sep 2024 | www.anor.cm/articles/lanor-et-les-laboratoires-camerounais-renforcent-leur-collaboration-une-plateforme-dechanges-et-de-conformite-voit-le-jour |
| S19 | Assessment of Deviation in Quality of Steel Reinforcing Bars Used in Some Building Sites in Cameroon. World Journal of Engineering and Technology, 11(4), pp. 917 to 931 | P. C. Bame, B. E. Yamb, B. Ndigui; Scientific Research Publishing | 2023 | doi.org/10.4236/wjet.2023.114061 |
| S20 | Officials to Investigate After Cameroon Building Collapse Kills Over 30 | VOA Africa | 24 Jul 2023 | www.voaafrica.com/a/cameroon-building-collapse-kills-over-30-/7193868.html |
| S21 | Cameroon: death toll rises to 40 in building collapse | Africanews | 27 Jul 2023 | www.africanews.com/2023/07/27/cameroon-death-toll-rises-to-40-in-building-collapse/ |
| S22 | Cameroun: Douala, 6 morts dans l’effondrement d’un immeuble à Bonamoussadi | Camer.be, republished by AllAfrica | 11 Jul 2026 | fr.allafrica.com/stories/202607130741.html |
| S23 | Why 21-storey Ikoyi building collapsed, panel reveals after submitting report | Sahara Reporters | 5 Jan 2022 | saharareporters.com/2022/01/05/why-21-storey-ikoyi-building-collapsed-%E2%80%93-panel-reveals-after-submitting-report-lagos |
| S24 | Nigerian preacher TB Joshua skips trial as judge adjourns case | Nation (Nation Media Group) | 30 Nov 2015, updated 3 Jul 2020 | nation.africa/kenya/news/africa/nigerian-preacher-tb-joshua-skips-trial-as-judge-adjourns-case-1149920 |
| S25 | SON seals 13 steel firms for standards infractions | Economic Confidential | 11 Feb 2020 | economicconfidential.com/son-seals-firms-standards-infractions/ |
| S26 | Evaluation of mechanical properties and chemical composition of some selected steel reinforcements used in Nigeria | M. Akinpelu, A. Salman; Mouloud Mammeri University of Tizi-Ouzou (repository record, Kwara State University) | 2021 | kwasuspace.kwasu.edu.ng/handle/123456789/3589 |
| S28 | Mechanical strength variability of deformed reinforcing steel bars for concrete structures in Ethiopia. Scientific Reports 12, 2600 | T. Achamyeleh, H. Çamur, M. A. Savaş, A. Evcil; Nature Portfolio | 2022 | doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-06654-1 |
| S29 | Probabilistic Model Code, Part 3: Resistance models, 3.2 Static properties of reinforcing steel | Joint Committee on Structural Safety (JCSS) | 2001 edition | www.jcss-lc.org/publications/jcsspmc/rebar.pdf |
| S30 | EN 1992 Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures (J. Walraven), workshop "Eurocodes: background and applications", Brussels, 18 to 20 Feb 2008 | European Commission (DG Enterprise and Industry, Joint Research Centre) | Feb 2008 | www.eurocodes.fi/wp-content/uploads/1992/sahkoinen1992/EN-1992.pdf |
| S31 | Certificat N° B03/176 rév. 16, aciers pour béton armé, NF A 35-080-1 nuance B500B (fiche descriptive and caractéristiques certifiées) | Association Française de Certification des Armatures du Béton (AFCAB), AFNOR Certification | 6 Jun 2025 | feralpi-stahl.com/sites/default/files/media/certifications/NF%20AFCAB-FR-B500B-BS_0.pdf |
| S32 | Technical specification SPF400 rev. 12, Rebars B500 (chemical, mechanical and dimensional requirements under EN 10080 and national standards) | Ferriere Nord S.p.A. (Pittini group) | 14 Sep 2021 | www.pittini.it/wp-content/uploads/Pittini-Group-Reinforcing-Steel-Bars-B500.pdf |
| S33 | Standards for reinforcement | The Concrete Centre (UK) | accessed Oct 2026 | concretecentre.com/Codes/European-standards-for-reinforcement.aspx |
| S34 | Rebar 101 (presentation: ASTM bar specifications, tensile and elongation tables, permissible variation in weight, marking) | Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute (CRSI), hosted by New Jersey Institute of Technology | n.d. | web.njit.edu/~washd/cim101/download/notes/CRSI/Rebar101_University%20%5bCompatibility%20Mode%5d.pdf |
| S35 | Engineering Bulletin #1: Mechanical properties, ChromX (ASTM A1035) compared with ASTM A615 Grades 60, 80 and 100 | Commercial Metals Company (CMC) | 12 May 2021 | www.cmc.com/getmedia/83bc1448-b2ed-47b1-9b4e-56951d4b7212/1_Mechanical_Properties-NEW.pdf |
| S36 | EN 1992-1-1:2004 Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures, Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings (with corrigenda) | European Committee for Standardization (CEN) | 2004 | eurocodes.jrc.ec.europa.eu/EN-Eurocodes/eurocode-2-design-concrete-structures |
| S37 | EN 206:2013+A2:2021 Concrete: specification, performance, production and conformity | CEN | 2021 | standards.cencenelec.eu (catalogue: EN 206) |
| S38 | BS 4449:2005+A3:2016 Steel for the reinforcement of concrete. Weldable reinforcing steel. Bar, coil and decoiled product. Specification | British Standards Institution (BSI) | 2016 | www.boutique.afnor.org/en-gb/standard/bs-44492005-a32016/steel-for-the-reinforcement-of-concrete-weldable-reinforcing-steel-bar-coil/eu100392/205471 |
| S39 | EN 10080:2005 Steel for the reinforcement of concrete. Weldable reinforcing steel. General | CEN | 2005 | standards.cencenelec.eu (catalogue: EN 10080) |
| S40 | ASTM A615/A615M Standard specification for deformed and plain carbon-steel bars for concrete reinforcement | ASTM International | current edition | store.astm.org (catalogue: A615/A615M) |
| S41 | ASTM A706/A706M Standard specification for deformed and plain low-alloy steel bars for concrete reinforcement | ASTM International | current edition | store.astm.org (catalogue: A706/A706M) |
| S42 | NF A 35-080-1 Aciers pour béton armé: aciers soudables, partie 1: barres et couronnes | AFNOR | current edition | www.boutique.afnor.org (catalogue: NF A35-080-1) |
| S43 | ISO 6935-2:2019 Steel for the reinforcement of concrete, Part 2: Ribbed bars | International Organization for Standardization (ISO) | 2019 | www.iso.org (catalogue: ISO 6935-2) |
| S44 | ISO 15630-1:2019 Steel for the reinforcement and prestressing of concrete, Test methods, Part 1: Reinforcing bars, rods and wire (EN ISO 15630-1) | ISO; CEN | 2019 | www.iso.org (catalogue: ISO 15630-1) |
| S45 | ISO 6892-1:2019 Metallic materials, Tensile testing, Part 1: Method of test at room temperature | ISO | 2019 | www.iso.org (catalogue: ISO 6892-1) |
| S46 | EN 10204:2004 Metallic products, Types of inspection documents | CEN | 2004 | standards.cencenelec.eu (catalogue: EN 10204) |
| S47 | ISO 9223:2012 Corrosion of metals and alloys, Corrosivity of atmospheres, Classification, determination and estimation | ISO | 2012 | www.iso.org (catalogue: ISO 9223) |
| S48 | Tempcore: a new process for the production of high-quality reinforcing bars. Iron and Steel Engineer 61(3), pp. 53 to 57 | P. Simon, M. Economopoulos, P. Nilles | 1984 | openalex.org/W3176967943 |
| S49 | Corroded TempCore vs dual-phase steel reinforcing bars. Construction and Building Materials | S. Caprili, W. Salvatore, R. Valentini; Elsevier | 2021 | doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.122301 |
| S50 | POWER climatology API, parameters T2M, RH2M, PRECTOTCORR, 1991 to 2020, at Douala, Kribi, Yaoundé and Garoua | NASA Langley Research Center | accessed 10 Oct 2026 | power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?parameters=T2M,RH2M,PRECTOTCORR&;community=RE&longitude=9.91&latitude=2.94&format=JSON |
| S51 | Monographie du Nyong et des fleuves côtiers, tome 1 (climate records for Kribi) | J.-C. Olivry; ORSTOM and IRGM | Jul 1979 | horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers11-03/01948.pdf |
| S52 | UN Comtrade public API, Cameroon (reporter 120), imports and exports by HS line, chapters 72 and 73, 2019 to 2023 | United Nations Statistics Division | accessed 10 Oct 2026 | comtradeapi.un.org/public/v1/preview/C/A/HS?reporterCode=120&;period=2023&partnerCode=0&flowCode=M&cmdCode=7213,7214,7216,7217 |
| S53 | Production: les acteurs en présence | Cameroon Tribune | 11 May 2026 | cameroon-tribune.cm/article.html/76600/fr.html/details_2 |
| S54 | Agence de Régulation des Marchés Publics, website (references to Decree No. 2018/366 of 20 June 2018 on the public procurement code) | ARMP | accessed 10 Oct 2026 | www.armp.cm |
| S55 | ISO/IEC 17025:2017 General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories | ISO; IEC | 2017 | www.iso.org (catalogue: ISO/IEC 17025) |
| S56 | ISO/IEC 17065:2012 Conformity assessment, Requirements for bodies certifying products, processes and services | ISO; IEC | 2012 | www.iso.org (catalogue: ISO/IEC 17065) |
| S57 | ISO 16269-6:2014 Statistical interpretation of data, Part 6: Determination of statistical tolerance intervals | ISO | 2014 | www.iso.org (catalogue: ISO 16269-6) |
| S58 | ASTM A775/A775M Epoxy-coated steel reinforcing bars; ASTM A934/A934M Epoxy-coated prefabricated steel reinforcing bars | ASTM International | current editions | store.astm.org (catalogue: A775, A934) |
| S59 | ASTM A767/A767M Zinc-coated (galvanized) steel bars for concrete reinforcement | ASTM International | current edition | store.astm.org (catalogue: A767) |
| S60 | BS 6744:2016 Stainless steel bars for the reinforcement of and use in concrete | BSI | 2016 | knowledge.bsigroup.com (catalogue: BS 6744) |
| S61 | EN 10025-2:2019 Hot rolled products of structural steels, Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for non-alloy structural steels | CEN | 2019 | standards.cencenelec.eu (catalogue: EN 10025-2) |
| S62 | ISO 16120 series Non-alloy steel wire rod for conversion to wire (EN ISO 16120-1 to 16120-4) | ISO; CEN | current editions | www.iso.org (catalogue: ISO 16120) |
| S63 | BS 4483:2005 Steel fabric for the reinforcement of concrete | BSI | 2005 | knowledge.bsigroup.com (catalogue: BS 4483) |
| S65 | Corrosion of steel in concrete. CBI Research Report 4:82 | K. Tuutti; Swedish Cement and Concrete Research Institute, Stockholm | 1982 | Print report; no stable web address |
| S66 | Cameroon, Republic of: Corporate, Other taxes (environmental tax under the 2026 Finance Law) | PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries | reviewed 14 Aug 2026 | taxsummaries.pwc.com/republic-of-cameroon/corporate/other-taxes |
| S67 | BS 8666:2020 Scheduling, dimensioning, cutting and bending of steel reinforcement for concrete. Specification | BSI | 2020 | knowledge.bsigroup.com (catalogue: BS 8666) |
| S71 | ISO 17660-1:2006 Welding, Welding of reinforcing steel, Part 1: Load-bearing welded joints (EN ISO 17660-1) | ISO; CEN | 2006 | www.iso.org (catalogue: ISO 17660-1) |
| S72 | NF A35-016 Concrete reinforcing steels, weldable ribbed bars and coils of grade FeE500 (catalogue record) | AFNOR | catalogue accessed Oct 2026 | www.boutique.afnor.org/en-gb/standard/nf-a35016/concrete-reinforcing-steels-weldable-ribbed-bars-and-coils-of-grade-fee500-/fa041963/47760 |
| S73 | GB/T 1499.2-2018 Steel for the reinforcement of concrete, Part 2: Hot rolled ribbed bars | Standardization Administration of China | 2018 | openstd.samr.gov.cn (catalogue: GB/T 1499.2) |
| S74 | Home page, communiqués and online reporting service (Dénonciation) | ANOR | accessed 10 Oct 2026 | www.anor.cm |
| S75 | Enquêtes publiques: draft Cameroonian standards under public enquiry | ANOR | accessed 10 Oct 2026 | www.anor.cm/enquetes-publiques |
| S76 | Évolution du commerce extérieur en 2025 (version provisoire) | Institut National de la Statistique (INS), Cameroon | Feb 2026 | ins-cameroun.cm/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Note-sur-le-commerce-exterieur-en-2025-version-provisoire_FR.pdf |
| S77 | ASTM E415 Standard test method for analysis of carbon and low-alloy steel by spark atomic emission spectrometry | ASTM International | current edition | store.astm.org (catalogue: E415) |
| S78 | ISO 9001:2015 Quality management systems, Requirements | ISO | 2015 | www.iso.org (catalogue: ISO 9001) |
| S79 | Quality evaluation of commercially available steels in some selected Nigerian markets. Annals of Faculty Engineering Hunedoara, International Journal of Engineering | Y. L. Shuaib-Babata and others | 2019 | uilspace.unilorin.edu.ng/handle/20.500.12484/11417 |
| S80 | Budget 2026: 8 816,4 milliards FCFA pour consolider la stabilité et accélérer le développement du Cameroun | Ministry of Finance (MINFI) | 26 Nov 2025 | minfi.gov.cm/budget-2026-8-8164-milliards-fcfa-pour-consolider-la-stabilite-et-accelerer-le-developpement-du-cameroun/ |
| S81 | Ministry of Public Contracts, website (standard bidding documents, DAO-types) | MINMAP | accessed 10 Oct 2026 | www.minmap.cm |
| S82 | BAEL 91 révisé 99: Règles techniques de conception et de calcul des ouvrages et constructions en béton armé suivant la méthode des états limites | CSTB; Eyrolles (Fascicule 62, titre I, section I) | 2000 | Print publication; no stable web address |
| S84 | ISO 15630-2:2019 Steel for the reinforcement and prestressing of concrete, Test methods, Part 2: Welded fabrics and lattice girders (EN ISO 15630-2) | ISO; CEN | 2019 | www.iso.org (catalogue: ISO 15630-2) |
| S85 | École Nationale Supérieure Polytechnique de Yaoundé, home page (departments) | ENSP Yaoundé | accessed Oct 2026 | polytechnique.cm/ |
| S86 | EN 10219-1:2006 Cold formed welded structural hollow sections of non-alloy and fine grain steels; EN 10210-1:2006 Hot finished structural hollow sections | CEN | 2006 | standards.cencenelec.eu (catalogue: EN 10219, EN 10210) |
| S87 | Le Gabon réduit la TVA sur le fer à béton local pour stimuler son industrie sidérurgique | EcoMatin | 4 Aug 2026 | ecomatin.net/le-gabon-reduit-la-tva-sur-le-fer-a-beton-local-pour-stimuler-son-industrie-siderurgique |
| S88 | Gabon: le groupe Fokou lance une nouvelle unité d’acier à Port-Gentil | EcoMatin | 18 Sep 2026 | ecomatin.net/gabon-le-groupe-fokou-lance-une-nouvelle-unite-dacier-a-port-gentil |
| S89 | Projet de loi portant loi de finances de la République du Cameroun pour l’exercice 2026, article 23 (articles 228 septies to 228 decies of the General Tax Code: environmental tax on cement, fer à béton, tiles and ceramics; rate per tonne of iron) | Ministry of Finance, Directorate General of the Budget (DGB) | 26 Nov 2025 (bill as tabled; final wording to be checked against the Official Gazette) | www.dgb.cm/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/PROJET-DE-LOI-FINANCES-2026_FR_26112025.pdf |
Source: compiled by Cameroon Steel.
Cite this chapter
Cameroon Steel (2026). Safer buildings need rebar that meets its declared grade. White paper 10, annex C: Sources. CS-WP-10. https://www.cameroon-steel.com/en/library/quality-steel/annex-sources/
Source