白皮书06 · 附录B · 中文摘要
术语表
下表列出本文的关键术语及其英文、法文和中文对照，供在三个版本之间对照阅读。术语按本文中的含义解释；如某项标准或法规对术语有正式定义，以正式文本为准。
本页为本章中文摘要；英文全文附于其后，可展开阅读。
| 英文 | 法文 | 中文 | 含义 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Electric arc furnace (EAF) | four à arc électrique (FAE) | 电弧炉 | 利用石墨电极与炉料之间的电弧熔化废钢、直接还原铁或生铁的炉子 |
| Scrap-based EAF | FAE à ferraille | 废钢电弧炉 | 炉料以废钢为主的电弧炉炼钢 |
| Ladle furnace (LF) | four-poche | 钢包精炼炉 | 浇铸前对钢水加热、合金化和精炼的二次冶金工位 |
| Continuous casting | coulée continue | 连铸 | 将钢水连续浇铸成钢坯的工艺 |
| Billet | billette | 钢坯 | 方形断面的连铸半成品，用于轧制棒材、线材或轻型型材 |
| Wire rod | fil machine | 线材 | 热轧线材，用于拉丝或建筑 |
| Reinforcing bar (rebar) | rond à béton (armatures) | 钢筋 | 混凝土结构用带肋钢筋 |
| Sections | profilés | 型材 | 角钢、槽钢、工字钢等热轧型材 |
| Direct-reduced iron (DRI) | fer de réduction directe (DRI) | 直接还原铁（DRI） | 铁矿在固态下被还原所得的金属铁，通常在竖炉中以重整天然气或氢气还原 |
| Hot-briquetted iron (HBI) | fer briqueté à chaud (HBI) | 热压块铁（HBI） | 趁热压制成致密块状的直接还原铁，便于运输和储存 |
| BF-BOF | haut fourneau-convertisseur (HF-BOF) | 高炉-转炉 | 以焦炭还原铁矿并用氧气将生铁转炼为钢的长流程 |
| Iron units | unités de fer | 含铁原料 | 钢厂熔炼的废钢、直接还原铁、热压块铁或生铁，其来源决定大部分上游排放 |
| Scrap | ferraille | 废钢 | 用于回炉熔炼的钢铁废料 |
| Slag | laitier | 钢渣 | 炉内钢水表面形成的氧化物层，冷却后可作骨料 |
| EAF dust | poussières de FAE | 电弧炉粉尘 | 电弧炉除尘系统捕集的细粉尘，因含锌、铅、镉而属危险废物 |
| Mill scale | calamine | 氧化铁皮 | 加热和轧制过程中钢材表面形成的氧化铁片 |
| Scope 1, 2, 3 | périmètres 1, 2 et 3 | 范围一、二、三 | 直接排放；外购电力、蒸汽或热力的排放；价值链其他排放 |
| Upstream emissions | émissions amont | 上游排放 | 外购投入品在到达工厂之前生产过程中产生的排放 |
| Grid emission factor | facteur d'émission du réseau | 电网排放因子 | 电网每供应1千瓦时电力所排放的二氧化碳量 |
| Carbon intensity | intensité carbone | 碳强度 | 每吨钢的二氧化碳排放量 |
| CBAM | MACF (mécanisme d'ajustement carbone aux frontières) | 碳边境调节机制（CBAM） | 欧盟（2027年起英国）对进口商品隐含碳收费的机制 |
| Embedded emissions | émissions intrinsèques | 隐含排放 | 碳边境调节机制下生产某商品所释放的排放，包括相关前体的排放；钢铁只计直接排放（含直接还原铁等前体的直接排放），外购电力排放不计价 |
| Free allocation | allocation gratuite | 免费配额 | 欧盟碳排放交易体系向本地生产商免费发放的排放配额 |
| Default value | valeur par défaut | 默认值 | 未提供经核查实际排放时适用的排放值 |
| EPD | déclaration environnementale de produit (DEP) | 产品环境声明 | 经核查的产品全生命周期环境影响报告 |
| ESIA | étude d'impact environnemental et social (EIES) | 环境与社会影响评估 | 项目环境与社会影响的评估程序 |
| ESMP | plan de gestion environnementale et sociale (PGES) | 环境与社会管理计划 | 落实影响评估所提措施的管理计划 |
| Green iron | fer vert | 绿色铁 | 以极低排放生产的铁，通常采用低碳电力制氢直接还原 |
| DR-grade ore | minerai de qualité DR | 直接还原级矿石 | 适合直接还原的高铁、低硅铝矿石或球团 |
| Pellets | boulettes | 球团 | 由精矿造球焙烧而成，用于炼铁 |
| Near-zero emission steel | acier à émissions quasi nulles | 近零排放钢 | 碳强度低于国际能源署浮动阈值的钢 |
| Equator Principles (EP4) | Principes de l'Équateur (EP4) | 赤道原则（EP4） | 银行用于项目融资的环境与社会风险管理框架 |
| IFC Performance Standard 3 | NP 3 de la SFI | 国际金融公司绩效标准3 | 国际金融公司（世界银行集团成员）关于资源效率与污染防治的标准，年排放超过2.5万吨二氧化碳当量的项目须量化排放 |
| RC-1 | configuration de référence RC-1 | 参考配置RC-1 | Cameroon Steel姆博罗（Mboro）钢厂的规划估算（分期、基准值和物料平衡） |
| Kribi industrial-port zone | Zone industrialo-portuaire de Kribi | 克里比港综合工业区 | 项目所在的工业园区，由KPIZ S.A.开发和管理 |
| KPIZ S.A. | KPIZ S.A. | 克里比港工业区股份有限公司（KPIZ S.A.） | 开发和管理克里比港综合工业区的公司 |
| PAK | Port Autonome de Kribi (PAK) | 克里比自治港（PAK） | 管理克里比港的港口机构 |
| CEMAC | CEMAC | 中部非洲经济与货币共同体（CEMAC） | 喀麦隆、中非、乍得、刚果（布）、赤道几内亚和加蓬组成的区域共同体 |
资料来源：Cameroon Steel，依据全文版附录B（术语表）及附录C所列标准和文件。
英文全文 5分钟 · 1140词Glossary and abbreviations
The terms below are defined as they are used in this paper. Where a standard or regulation defines a term formally, the definition here is a plain-language summary and the formal text prevails.
| Term | Meaning in this paper |
|---|---|
| Alternatives analysis | Under the Equator Principles, an evaluation of technically and financially feasible alternatives that would reduce a project’s greenhouse gas emissions |
| BF-BOF | Blast furnace and basic oxygen furnace: the integrated route that reduces iron ore with coke and converts the resulting pig iron into steel with oxygen |
| Benchmark (CBAM) | A reference emission value per tonne of a good, used with the CBAM factor to reduce the certificates an importer must surrender, reflecting free allocation still given to EU producers |
| Billet | A semi-finished cast steel product of square section, rolled into bars, wire rod or light sections |
| CBAM | Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: the EU (and, from 2027, UK) system that charges importers for the carbon embedded in covered goods |
| CBAM factor | The percentage of the benchmark still deducted in a given year; 97.5% in 2026, falling to zero in 2034 |
| CEMAC | Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa (Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon) |
| CN code | Combined Nomenclature code used by the EU to classify goods for customs purposes |
| CO2e | Carbon dioxide equivalent: a quantity of greenhouse gases expressed as the amount of CO2 with the same warming effect |
| Combined margin | An emission factor for grid electricity that blends the average and marginal (operating and build) views, used by some lenders for project accounting |
| Crude steel | Steel in its first solid form after casting; the denominator used by worldsteel and most site-intensity standards |
| Default value (CBAM) | An emission value set by the EU for a good and country, used when actual embedded emissions are not documented and verified |
| Direct emissions | Emissions released from sources at the installation itself; Scope 1 in the GHG Protocol |
| DR-grade | Iron ore or pellets suitable for direct reduction: high in iron (ideally 67% Fe or more) and low in silica and alumina |
| DRI | Direct-reduced iron: iron ore reduced in the solid state, usually in a shaft furnace with reformed natural gas or hydrogen |
| EAF | Electric-arc furnace: a furnace that melts scrap, DRI or pig iron with an electric arc between graphite electrodes and the charge |
| EAF dust | Fine dust captured from the furnace’s fume-extraction system; classified as hazardous because of its zinc, lead and cadmium content |
| Embedded emissions | Under CBAM, the emissions released in producing a good, including those of relevant precursors; for iron and steel only direct emissions count, including the direct emissions of precursors such as DRI, and the emissions of purchased electricity are not priced |
| EN 15804 | The European standard setting core rules for environmental product declarations of construction products |
| EP4 | The fourth version of the Equator Principles (2020), a risk-management framework used by banks for project finance |
| EPD | Environmental product declaration: a verified document reporting the life-cycle environmental impacts of a product |
| Gangue | The non-iron minerals in iron ore, such as silica and alumina |
| GHG Protocol | The Greenhouse Gas Protocol corporate accounting and reporting standards of the World Resources Institute and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development |
| Green iron | Iron made with very low emissions, typically by hydrogen-based direct reduction using low-carbon electricity |
| Grid emission factor | The quantity of CO2 (or CO2e) emitted per kWh of electricity supplied from a grid; may be average, marginal or contractual |
| HBI | Hot-briquetted iron: DRI compacted while hot into dense briquettes, which are more stable for shipping and storage |
| Hot charging | Charging billets from the caster into the reheating furnace while still hot, to save reheating energy |
| Induction heating | Heating billets electrically by electromagnetic induction before rolling |
| ISO 14404 | The international standard series for calculating the CO2 intensity of iron and steel production sites |
| ISO 14067 | The international standard for the carbon footprint of products |
| KPIZ | Kribi Port Industrial Zone, the industrial-port zone at Kribi within which the project is located |
| Ladle furnace (LF) | A secondary-metallurgy station where liquid steel is reheated, alloyed and refined before casting |
| Location-based Scope 2 | Scope 2 emissions calculated with the average emission factor of the grid where the electricity is consumed |
| Market-based Scope 2 | Scope 2 emissions calculated with the emission factor of the electricity a company has contracted for, evidenced by contractual instruments |
| Metallic charge | The iron-bearing materials melted in the furnace: scrap, DRI, HBI or pig iron |
| Mill scale | Iron oxide flakes formed on hot steel during reheating and rolling |
| Near-zero emission steel | Steel below a threshold intensity defined by the IEA, sliding from 0.40 t CO2e per tonne at 0% scrap to 0.05 t at 100% scrap |
| Paris alignment | Assessment by multilateral development banks of whether an operation is consistent with the goals of the Paris Agreement |
| Precursor | Under CBAM, an input good whose embedded emissions are added to those of the final good, such as DRI or pig iron for steel |
| RC-1 | Reference configuration 1: Cameroon Steel’s planning estimate of the Mboro works (phases, benchmarks and balances), used for public and regulatory discussion |
| Scope 1, 2, 3 | Direct emissions; emissions from purchased electricity, steam or heat; and all other value-chain emissions, in the GHG Protocol |
| Scrap-EAF | Steelmaking in an electric-arc furnace with a predominantly scrap charge |
| Shaft furnace | A vertical reactor in which iron-ore pellets descend against a rising reducing gas to produce DRI |
| Slag | The molten oxide layer that forms on liquid steel in the furnace, solidifying into a rock-like material that can be used as aggregate |
| SSP2-4.5, SSP5-8.5 | IPCC scenarios combining socio-economic pathways with radiative forcing; intermediate and very high emissions respectively |
| Upstream emissions | Emissions released in producing purchased inputs before they reach the plant, such as the DRI made by a supplier |
| Waelz kiln | A rotary kiln process that recovers zinc from EAF dust as a zinc oxide concentrate |
| WBGT | Wet-bulb globe temperature: a heat-stress index combining air temperature, humidity, radiant heat and air movement (ISO 7243) |
Source: Cameroon Steel, from the standards and documents cited in Annex C.
Units and conventions
- t is the metric tonne; Mt a million tonnes; Mtpa a million tonnes per year; kt a thousand tonnes.
- t CO2/t is tonnes of carbon dioxide per tonne of steel; RC-1 values are per tonne of finished product unless stated, and worldsteel values per tonne of crude steel.
- kWh, MWh, GWh, TWh are kilowatt-hours and their multiples; g/kWh is grams of CO2 (or CO2e) per kilowatt-hour.
- GJ, PJ are gigajoules and petajoules; bcf is a billion cubic feet of natural gas.
- FCFA is the Central African CFA franc, pegged at 655.957 FCFA to the euro; dollar equivalents use a planning rate of 600 FCFA per US dollar.
- Ranges are written with "to"; "about" signals a rounded value.
引用本章
Cameroon Steel（2026）。喀麦隆低碳钢铁：碳强度有望降至全球平均的三分之一左右（中文摘要版）。白皮书06，附录B：术语表。CS-WP-06。https://www.cameroon-steel.com/zh/library/lower-carbon-steel/annex-glossary/
来源